:Normal range
Total alkaline phosphatase: up to 290 u/l
Liver fraction: up to160 u/l
Bone fraction: up to 150
Intestine fraction: up to 5 u/l
Comment: Alkaline phosphatase is released into the circulation from a variety of tissue primarily liver, bone, intestine and placenta. Each has varying properties of heat stability
-1
Bone isoenzymes is increased in osteoblastic activity (& growth), and decreased in osteopenia due to genetic hypophatasemia, cretin hypothyroidism, chronic nutritional deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia
-2
Liver isoenzyme (Fraction I) is increased in hepatic congestion, Vasculitis, pregnancy, and (Fraction II) in parenchymal cell damage
-3
Intestinal isoenzyme is increased in intestinal disease and in some individuals with blood type “O” or “B”, and particularly after meals
-4
Placental fraction appears in maternal serum in 3rd trimester
-5
Regan isoenzymes frequently detected in neoplastic disease
Sample: Serum