Author Archives: د.حسام أبو فرسخ

Normal range: Negative

Comment: Detection of IgG indicates recent or past infection

Sample: serum

Normal range: Negative

Comment: Helicobacter pylorus is associated with gastric & peptic ulcers. The presences of IgG and IgA has been observed in 80-100% of patients with gastritis. Determination of serum IgA in combination with IgG provides a more accurate diagnosis for active infection

Sample: Serum

Normal range: Negative

Comment: H. pylori colonization is chronic in nature and appears to cause histological inflammation of the gastric mucosa. A positive serological response to H. pylori antigens has been determined in individuals with duodenitis, chronic gastritis, and gastric or duodenal ulcer. Two different stains of H. pylori exist. One is a highly pathogenic strain characterized by the expression of the virulence factors CagA and VacA. The other strain is low pathogenicityand lacks theses two factors. This test is used for the detection of IgA antibodies against CagA and VacA. If positive, an endoscopic examination of the stomach followed by antibiotic eradication recommended

Sample: serum

Normal range: Negative

Comment: Heinz bodies are precipitated hemoglobin, either oxidatively denatured or inherently unstable. They are not present normally except in few newborns and in splenectomized individuals. Oxidant drugs may cause them to be present. May also appear in G6PD deficiency, Homozygous B-Thalassemia & unstable hemoglobin disorder

Sample: EDTA whole blood

Amniocentesis-

Comment: Detects chromosomal aberration in fetus. Performed between 15-17 weeks of gestation

Sample: Sterile plain tube, 20 mL

Blood karyotype-

Comment: Detect any chromosomal aberration of the individual in blood, at any age

Sample: Heparin, whole blood

Bone marrow karyotype-

Comment: Used for leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. E.g. Philadelphia chromosomes

Sample: Transport medium, contact us

(Chromosome Y delete (for infertility-

Comment: Detect chromosomal aberration of fetus at 8 weeks of gestation

Sample: serum

Chorionic Villi Sample-

Comment: Detect cause of infertility in AZF region

Sample: Sample in sterile saline

Fragile X- Chromosome-

Comment: Screen for mental retardation

(Sample: EDTA (Whole blood

(Gene screen (FISH-

Comment: Rapid techniques of detection of certain chromosomal aberration

(Sample: EDTA (Whole blood

Normal range: Negative

Comment: Use to diagnosing the cause of vomiting secondary to infectious gastritis or diarrhea secondary to infectious entercolitis can be very helpful in the management

Profile contains 12 pathogens that cause atypical gastroenteritis

:The list include the following

-1

Adenovirus type 3

-2

Yersinia entercolitica O:3

-3

Yersinia entercolitica O:6

-4

Yersinia entercolitica O:9

-5

Coxsackie virus type B3

-6

Coxsackie virus type A7

-7

Echovirus type 7

-8

Compylobacter jejuni

-9

Compylobacter coli

-10

Helicobacter pylori

-11

Klebsiella pneumonia

-12

Candida Albicans

Sample: serum

:Normal range

Fasting blood sugar: 75-115 mg/dL

hr ½

random blood sugar    : 105-175 mg/dL

1hr

random blood sugar     : 95-160 mg/dL

 1hr½

random blood sugar   : 80-130 mg/dL

2hr

random blood sugar    : 70-110 mg/dL

Comment:A test for diabetes mellitus. Various endocrine disorders such as Cushing’s syndrome and acromegaly also show impaired glucose tolerance. A “lag” curve may occur in reactive hypoglycemia, after gastrectomy or in very sever liver disease. A flat curve may be found with intestinal malabsorption

This test has been replaced, on WHO advice, by GTTW-

Sample: Serum, fasting

:Normal range

Comment: This procedure determines the concentration of hemoglobin (HB) in whole blood. Hemoglobin is the major component of the red cell and functions to transport oxygen. It also acts to buffer carbon dioxide formed during metabolic activity. The Hb value is used in the calculation of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Use to evaluate anemia, blood loss, hemolysis, polycythemia, and other conditions

(Sample: EDTA (Whole blood

:Normal range

Males & Non- Pregnant females: < 5

Comment: Levels increase progressively throughout pregnancy from the first to twelfth week and then gradually fall until term. Useful for early confirmation of pregnancy. High levels also occur in patients with trophoblastic tumours, including moles, when follow- up tests are recommended for at least a year after the mole has been evacuated.Test does not differentiate between pregnancy and recurrence of tumor. High levels may also be found with other tumors, e.g. teratoma

Sample: serum

:Normal range

M: 33-55 mg/dL

F: 36-65 mg/dL

Comment: Low levels of HDL cholesterol predispose to coronary and peripheral arterial disease. Considered as the “good cholesterol” since

it is helpful in the protection from arteriosclerosis

Sample: Serum, 12 hrs fasting